In financial services and technology domains, a person can use a mobile wallet to purchase goods. Figure 1 depicted the different domains as mentioned, along with the biometric application percentage.Īpplication of biometrics in different domains (based on German and Barber ). This is followed by the workplace, recreation, and healthcare and with the least usage in the education domain. According to a 2018 report by German and Barber from the Center of Identity, University of Texas at Austin, the top three sectors which embrace biometric methods are financial services, technology, and government. By using biometric methods, the problems faced in traditional methods as mentioned above can be solved.Ĭurrently, biometrics are employed in a wide variety of domains. Examples of human action are gait, voice, and signature. On the contrary, behavioral characteristics deal with features observed from human action. These include the face, fingerprints, and iris.
Physical characteristics refer to inherent features of the human body part. Another alternative method is through biometric adoption, which considers the physical or behavioral characteristics distinctive to an individual. Nonetheless, it tends to be forgotten easily, especially if the person has several passwords or PINs for different applications.
DIGITALPERSONA USAGE TRACKING PASSWORD
On the other hand, the knowledge-based method is related to a password or personal identification number (PIN) created by each individual for authentication. Although it is convenient to carry these identity documents, these documents can be reproduced, stolen, or lost.
Examples of the token-based method include possession of a passport, driving license, and different types of cards such as identity (ID) card and credit card. There are two types of traditional methods which are token-based and knowledge-based identifications. A person’s identity can be validated through the traditional or biometric methods. Personal identification is considered an important aspect in recognizing the identity of a particular individual. Emphasis is then placed on the microcontroller platform, biometric sensor, communication channel, database storage, and other components in order to assist future researchers in designing the hardware part of biometric-based attendance systems.
DIGITALPERSONA USAGE TRACKING SOFTWARE
Since the software and hardware sections are too broad to be discussed in one paper, this literature survey only provides an overview of the types of hardware used.
The setting-up of biometric-based attendance systems requires both software and hardware components. This progress enables a new and more advanced biometric-based attendance system being developed over the past ten years. As a result, significant progress had been made to mark attendance automatically by making use of biometric recognition. Yet, these types of methods are proved to be time consuming and tedious, and sometimes, fraud occurs.
As evidenced in a typical classroom, educators tend to take the attendance of their students by using conventional methods such as by calling out names or signing off an attendance sheet. Currently, the attendance tracking system based on biometric recognition for education sectors is still underutilized, thus providing a good opportunity to carry out interesting research in this area. The implementation of biometric recognition systems can be based on physical or behavioral characteristics, such as the iris, voice, fingerprint, and face. The application of biometric recognition in personal authentication enables the growth of this technology to be employed in various domains.
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